On January 6, 2009, President Bush issued three proclamations establishing the Rose Atoll, Pacific Remote Islands, and Marianas Trench Marine National Monuments. These proclamations were issued under 16 USC 431-433, also known as "The Antiquities Act" which grants the President authority to declare national monuments. For more information about the Antiquities Act, including its history and monument profiles, see the National Park Service Archeology Program page.
The management of these marine national monuments will be overseen by both the Department of the Interior and the Department of Commerce through the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
To learn more about presidential proclamations and to find proclamations from 1789 through the present, check out UC Santa Barbara's American Presidency Project's page on presidential proclamations.
To learn more about national monuments, check out the article, "A National Monument, Memorial, Park . . . What's the Difference?" from the National Atlas of the United States.
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